The award of penalties and alleged bias on the part of match officials has again been the subject of much debate this season – but who is really suffering in terms of spot-kicks?

“How are we to interpret the refereeing decisions that are going against us? … They haven’t given us a penalty yet and I don’t think that’s normal.”

Those were the words of Diego Milito after Inter’s 1-0 loss to Serie A rivals Lazio on Monday evening. Such conspiracy theories are nothing new in Italy, of course, but, as the Calciopoli scandal of 2006 underlined, just because you’re paranoid, doesn’t mean the referees are not doing right by you.

However, do the stats offer any kind of support for Milito’s claim? Well, Inter are in the unusual position of having reached the halfway point of the 2013-14 season without having received a single penalty. They are not alone in that regard, though, as Parma, Atalanta and Chievo have also yet to earn a single spot-kick.

Of course, one could claim that the smaller sides never get anything off referees, anyway, but Sassuolo are in the relegation zone and yet they’ve benefited from four penalties already this term – which puts them joint-sixth in the overall spot-kick standings.

It may come as a surprise to Roma captain Francesco Totti but that’s one more than leaders Juventus. Interestingly, it is fourth-placed Fiorentina and ninth-placed Genoa who top this particular table, with six penalties apiece.

That means that the Viola and the Rossoblu, on average, are awarded a spot-kick every three games. However, that’s not the best average in Europe’s ‘Big Five’ Leagues.

No, that honour/advantage belongs to a Bundesliga side. Bayern Munich? No. It’s lowly Hoffenheim. The 12th-placed team in Germany’s top flight have won seven penalties in just 17 games, one more than Borussia Dortmund and Schalke, and two more than the reigning champions.

The statistics in Spain are also somewhat surprising. There is an assumption that officials always favour Real Madrid and Barcelona, but it is Atletico who have racked up the most penalties after 18 rounds of action, though Diego Simeone’s men have only scored five of their seven spot-kicks. In fairness, both Madrid and Barcelona have received five apiece, but then, so too have Rayo Vallecano and Levante.

In France, though, it is leaders Paris Saint-Germain who top the penalty standings, with seven in 19 outings. Nearest rivals Monaco have received just three.

By complete contrast, Arsenal, who top the Premier League, have earned just two penalties this season. North London rivals Tottenham have four, though, one ahead of Jose Mourinho’s Chelsea, who have been involved in plenty of simulation controversies of late.

However, spare a thought for Cardiff City, as they’re the only side in the English top flight yet to win a single spot-kick this season. Proof, surely, that money can’t buy you everything.

The Reds’ scramble to cover at full-back has caused instability at centre-back, while a mooted move for Basel forward Mohamed Salah would provide a vital new option out wide

ANALYSIS
By George Ankers

Liverpool are enjoying their most promising season since 2008-09.

Luis Suarez’s brilliance has reached new heights, Daniel Sturridge has flourished with confidence and when able to play together, the pair have struck fear into the Premier League. Brendan Rodgers has them fourth, tantalisingly close to a long-awaited return to the Champions League.

The January transfer window is often seen as a risk. It tempts panic buys. From Andy Carroll to the likes of Suarez, Sturridge and Philippe Coutinho, though, the Reds know its positives and negatives better than most.

And this is as key a January as they have faced in recent memory. Every year that passes without that all-important Champions League cash puts them further behind their rivals’ financial might and pulling power and they will not reap the benefits of an improved stadium for at least two or three years yet.

Thus, with a top-four place to lose, many of their rivals in transitional periods and teams throughout the top half making a habit of beating each other, Liverpool have a golden opportunity which must be taken. Suarez’s future, too, depends on it. That means taking action now to solve what problems they can – and, despite their improved position, there are problems to be solved.

The first is at the back. If teams should take just the one lesson from Arsenal this season, it is that a settled defence can work wonders. The solidity of the Per Mertesacker-Laurent Koscielny partnership for the leaders has been a revelation, one that makes a mockery of the Reds’ approach.

Rodgers, plainly, does not know what his first-choice back line looks like. Martin Skrtel has been the most frequently fielded centre-back, but one suspects only because he cannot be shoehorned in to cover at full-back.

After his 18 outings, Daniel Agger, Mamadou Sakho and Kolo Toure have started 11, eight and eight games respectively in the middle. The former two, however, have also been made to deputise on the left, while the latter has occasionally been needed on the right. Between the four of them, Skrtel, Agger, Sakho and Toure have it in them to rival Mertesacker and Koscielny but not until a clear hierarchy is found.

It is for this reason that Rodgers needs to invest on the left flank. His need to shuffle is understandable – his first-choice left-back, Jose Enrique, has been injured for some time and is not likely to be back before the window shuts. Of his other options, Aly Cissokho has been unimpressive and Glen Johnson is more comfortable on the right but is having a less outstanding season than last..

Jose Enrique will be back before too long but he needs a serious, direct competitor even upon his return, one comfortable with a more advanced role when Liverpool switch to a 3-5-2, as they have done several times in 2013-14.

Reports have linked them with Ryan Bertrand and it is a move that would make a lot of sense. The Reds have recent experience of rehabilitating players who struggled for playing time at Chelsea, as Sturridge can attest, and Bertrand looks a long way from displacing Ashley Cole or Cesar Azpilicueta.

Rodgers knows the 24-year-old from his time as a coach at Stamford Bridge, has a good relationship with Jose Mourinho and would benefit from a cut-price deal, as Bertrand would likely represent. The Englishman also has the unlikely but useful advantage of Champions League experience, having made his European debut in the final when the Blues lifted the trophy in 2012.

Concurrent to that hunt for defensive stability should be a similar search for a winger and it looks like Liverpool are already hard at work on that front, with Basel’s Mohamed Salah “99 per cent certain” to move to Anfield, according to a former team-mate.

It is the right position to target. Rodgers’s options up front have been limited since Sturridge’s injury but Iago Aspas’s first goal in Liverpool colours on Sunday was a timely boost. With the England international due back soon, the Spaniard should at least be trusted until the end of the season to provide back-up, especially as both Sturridge and Suarez’s form is not entirely dependent on the other’s presence.

While that may yet be a point of reinforcement in the summer, the flanks are of more immediate concern. Recognising that the Suarez-Sturridge partnership, when fit, has to an extent reduced the need for out-and-out wingers, as has the experimenting with 3-5-2, the periods with only one of the pair available have been awkward in regards to width.

STERLING v MOSES
2013-14 PREMIER LEAGUE STATS
STERLING		MOSES
15	APPS	13
3	GOALS	1
2	ASSISTS	0
19	SHOTS	10
21	KEY PASSES	8
32	DRIBBLES	14
16	TURNOVERS	8
2.85	AVERAGE RATING	2.81

In December, Raheem Sterling has enjoyed a renaissance, with a run of three goals in four games before Christmas. However, that came after a long period of frustrating form and at 19 such peaks and troughs are to be expected. Troublingly, he is the most senior of the Reds’ most recognised wide men, ahead of Victor Moses and Luis Alberto.

Moses’ failure to light up Anfield came as a surprise – with his pacey, direct approach, he appeared a fine fit. Nevertheless, fail he has so far, and Rodgers should not have to focus unduly on re-inspiring a disappointing player who will be back at parent club Chelsea by the season’s end. In several key respects – shots per game (0.8), key passes (0.6 per game), dribbles (1.1) and turnovers (0.6) – Moses lags behind the more dynamic Sterling (1.3, 1.4, 2.1 and 1.1, respectively).

Alberto, meanwhile, is definitively a work in progress as he adapts to life in England. He is not this season’s answer. Oussama Assaidi has impressed lately in his loan spell at Stoke City but will not return in time to affect the Reds’ Champions League chase.

This paucity of options has seen Coutinho and Jordan Henderson forced out wide too often and, while the latter has often impressed on the right, his best position is in the centre of midfield, where he should focus on continuing to flourish. Steven Gerrard, after all, is not going to succeed himself.

Targeting Salah makes sense on several counts. On the most basic level, he is a natural wide player, of which the Reds clearly lack. Helpfully, he is left-footed, which cannot be said for Sterling, Moses or Alberto.

At 21, he is young enough to improve on his already very promising performances at European level, as well as young enough not to necessarily demand a starting place every week, which will prove helpful when Suarez is reunited with Sturridge. His attacking instincts – he loves to cut in towards goal on his left foot and has 17 goals in 27 games for Egypt – mean he could also provide further cover for either of the two when necessary.

Comfortingly, Liverpool are in no need of a Carroll-style major transfer this January. Their needs are for stability, to ensure that they always have players playing in their proper positions, thereby allowing for a settled side. It need not take a fortune but a wide man at either end of the pitch is the order of the day.

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The Chelsea winger was substituted at half-time during the 2-0 win over Oldham, and the Reds legend feels that the Nigeria international is now operating on borrowed time

Victor Moses needs to improve or risks getting his loan at Liverpool cancelled, according to former striker John Aldridge.

The Reds legend – who scored 63 goals in 104 appearances for Liverpool – says he has been exceptionally disappointed with the efforts of the Nigerian, who is at the club on a season-long loan from Chelsea.

He labelled the 23-year-old’s performance against Oldham Athletic in the FA Cup on Sunday as particularly poor and feels Moses is taking his Anfield stint for granted.

“Victor was handed a big opportunity when Brendan Rodgers brought him to Liverpool from Chelsea last summer,” Aldridge wrote in his Liverpool Echo column.

“Not many players get the chance to go out on loan to a bigger club but I don’t think he realises how lucky he is.

“The Nigeria international could have no complaints about being hauled off at half-time of Sunday’s 2-0 win over Oldham.

“He looked completely disinterested in that opening 45 minutes and gave the manager little option.

“There was no desire, no spirit. Maybe he’s lacking a bit of confidence or maybe he’s just unhappy because he’s played so little recently. He has let himself [down] at Liverpool.”

Aldridge thinks Liverpool would have been better served keeping winger Oussama Assaidi – who they loaned out to Stoke City – instead of signing Moses.

And he also believes that Liverpool boss Brendan Rodgers should investigate the possibility of trying to cancel Moses’ loan.

“Hindsight is a great thing but we would have been better off keeping Oussama Assaidi and not signing Moses,” he added. “Assaidi has contributed a lot more for Stoke during his loan spell than Moses has for us.

“I don’t know whether Chelsea would agree to take him back as they’ve got a big squad but it might be in everyone’s best interests if the loan is cancelled.

“If Moses wants to stay at Liverpool until the end of the season then he needs to buck his ideas up. He’s in a precarious position. He needs to realise that and start fighting for a shirt.”